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A major hazard associated with industrial production processes is the risk of explosion. Manufacturing processes may generate or require the use of potentially ignitable dust or vapors. If these combustible gases are not properly channeled, there is an increased risk of them being ignited leading to a serious injury to personnel and/or damage to machinery.

To understand how to prevent these explosive situations, the location and types of potential hazards should be identified and categorized. In this article, we will consider various hazardous environment classifications key to preventing industrial disasters.

What Is Hazardous Area Classification?

Hazardous classified locations are environments in which there is a potential risk of fire or explosion due to their co

Different cooling equipment can be used to achieve optimal process or ambient temperatures in commercial and industrial settings. The popular and readily available variants are chiller cooling systems (air-cooled chillers or water-cooled chillers) and heat exchangers.

Although most heat regulation systems work using a chiller and heat exchanger combination, these cooling devices sometimes exist as stand-alone setups. This article will explain the differences between a heat exchanger and a chiller cooling system while highlighting the pros and cons of each device type.

Heat Exchanger vs. Chiller

The major difference between a heat

One of the major issues players in the metallurgical industry must contend with is metal corrosion. These industries utilize various techniques to improve the properties of their products. A popularly employed means of creating a corrosion-resistant and ornamental finish to metalwork is by anodizing. Having a properly functioning anodizing cooling system will go a long way in the performance of your metal finishing process.

What Is Anodizing?

Anodizing is a chemical process that adds a layer of natural oxide to the surface of metals. The term anodizing is derived from how the chemical coating is carried out. The metal piece to be anodized forms the anode terminal in an electrolytic cell.

Which Metals Can Be

Brewing quality beer requires adherence to a strict distillation process with closely regulated temperature control. Failure to properly cool a brew will result in oxidation damage and an unpleasant aroma due to the formation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS). This can be a particularly frustrating occurrence for a newbie brewer with poor knowledge on how to properly regulate beer temperatures.

Fortunately, there are various cooling systems that can help a beer maker avoid the creation of a poor-quality brew. The most common methods for cooling include:

• Plate chillers
• Immersion chillers
• Counterflow chillers

These pieces of equipment are frequently referred to as “chillers,” in the craft bre

Industrial processes generate a significant amount of heat which must be dissipated to avoid damage to sensitive equipment and protect finished products. A well-established method of monitoring and regulating temperatures at optimal levels involves the use of chiller systems which can either be water or air-cooled. This article will highlight the differences between a water-cooled chiller vs. air-cooled chiller system.

Air-cooled Chiller vs. Water-cooled Chiller

Although both air-cooled chillers and water-cooled chillers function to remove unwanted heat from manufacturing processes, they differ in various ways. Deciding which chiller type best suits your industrial process depends on several factors

During the brewing process for alcoholic beverages, an often-ignored by-product of the fermentation stage is heat. It is essential to note that the heat generated by normal beer fermentation activity can raise the process temperature by 10 to 15 °F.

Ideally, the brewing process should be closely regulated within a narrow temperature margin to achieve optimal results. Failing to take adequate steps to properly regulate the thermal aspect of beer production is a costly mistake many new brewers make which can result in unsatisfactory products.

What Temperature is Ideal for Brewing Beer

The ideal beer fermentation temperature depends on the type of beer the brewer is trying to produce. For example, some lagers will require

The process of distilling a fine wine is critically hinged on fruit selection, yeast culture, and fermentation temperature. Of these three factors, temperature regulation during the process of winemaking is crucial.

Attempting to produce wine under frigid or superheated conditions will leave winemakers with a poor-quality product. This article will consider how to achieve the optimal brewing temperature required to produce different types of top-quality wine.

What Is the Best Temperature to Ferment Wine?

Deciding the ideal temperature for wine fermentation is a tricky science which largely depends on the type of wine the brewer intends to create. Generally, red wines are fermented for shorter periods and at higher temperatures than those required for brewing white

All conventional chiller systems have refrigeration units which alter the temperature of their coolants. These units contain circulating chemical substances with alterable states that facilitate the heat exchange effects they exert on a given industrial process.

The refrigerants used in these chiller systems are gradually being replaced by newer, more environment-friendly alternatives due to adverse effects of older refrigerant types on the ozone layer.

Properties of a Refrigerant

Currently available refrigerants have several advantages and drawbacks when compared to one another. It is important to note that no single refrigerant used in chillers meets all the criteria of the perfect chemical freezing mixture.

Theoretically speaking, the ideal type of chiller refrigerant will possess

Chillers have become indispensable in a vast number of industrial processes ranging from plastic processing to applications in pharmaceutical preparations and medical diagnostics. Different types of chiller systems exist including open-loop chillers, in-line chillers, and closed-loop chillers. In this article, we will be focusing on the closed-loop chiller system.

What Are Closed-Loop Chillers?

Closed-loop chillers are recirculating systems that employ the use of coolant fluid in a closed-loop setup to exchange heat from various industrial and commercial processes.

The coolant used in a closed-loop chiller can include:

• Water and water-based coolants (de-ionized

Hydroponics is a practice where plants are grown in a specially designed medium rather than regular soil. A key feature of this method of growing plants is the use of water regulated closely within pre-determined temperature levels.

Additionally, nutrients required to ensure that hydroponically grown plants thrive are supplied through a nutrient solution. Essential nutrients delivered to the growing plants include nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, sulfur, magnesium, manganese, boron, copper, zinc, and iron.

How Does Water Temperature Affect Plant Growth?

Although there is a well-established relationship between water temperature and plant growth, the science of temperature regulation to achieve the best possible conditions for plant growth is not exact. The temperatures necessary